| Scott Craver, Nasir Memon, Boon-Lock Yeo, Minerva Yeung.
Can Invisible Watermarks Resolve Rightful Ownerships?, http://www.watson.ibm.com:8080/maian-cgi-bin/search_paper.pl/entry_ids=8214.
1997.
22 pages.
Local File: pub/8214.ps (1764886 bytes)
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Abstract :
Digital watermarks have been proposed in recent literature as the means for copy-
right protection of multimedia data. In this paper we address the capability of invisible
watermarking schemes to resolve copyright ownerships. We will show that rightful
ownerships cannot be resolved by current watermarking schemes alone. In addition,
in the absence of standardization of watermarking procedures, anyone can claim own-
ership of any watermarked image. Specifically, we provide counterfeit watermarking
schemes that can be performed on a watermarked image to allow multiple claims of
rightful ownerships. We also propose non-invertible watermarking schemes in this
paper and discuss in general the usefulness of digital watermarks in identifying the
rightful copyright owners. The results, coupled with the recent attacks on some image
watermarks, further imply that we have to carefully re-think our approaches to invisible
watermarking of images, and re-evaluate the promises, applications and limitations of
such digital means of copyright protection.
Keywords: Authentication of copyright ownerships, invisible watermarks, copyright protection of images, attacks on watermarking schemes, non-invertible watermarking tech- niques. Also available at http://www.watson.ibm.com:8080/main-cgi-bin/search_paper.pl/entry_ids=8214 and http://www.research.ibm.com:8080/main-cgi-bin/search_paper.pl/entry_ids=8214 | ||||||||
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